如何正確摸到雅思閱讀材料的脈！
來(lái)源：
小編： 242雅思閱讀選擇題常常帶給我們的感覺(jué)：哇哦!定位到了!A和文章中的題目好像耶!B跟原文說(shuō)的是一個(gè)意思吧!?C壓根兒找不著好吧。D好多生詞哦，讀不懂。嗯......原文重現(xiàn)不要選，排除A; C毫無(wú)依據(jù)也排除掉。選D的話(huà)難以安慰我對(duì)未知事物的恐懼感。所以，選B沒(méi)錯(cuò)了!于是心情舒暢，感覺(jué)人生到達(dá)了巔峰。
對(duì)答案，答案選C!!!頓時(shí)懷疑人生，該不會(huì)是答案給錯(cuò)了吧!?
當(dāng)然了答案是不會(huì)錯(cuò)的，錯(cuò)就錯(cuò)在雅思閱讀選擇題選項(xiàng)中存在太多的陷阱和誘惑，讓人迷失自己，看不清真相。
今天北京環(huán)球教育高琰老師就來(lái)告訴大家真正的真相：做好選擇題，關(guān)鍵在于區(qū)分好題目是考查細(xì)節(jié)還是主旨!
選擇題真相之一：考查細(xì)節(jié)的選擇題
考查細(xì)節(jié)的選擇題定位到出處，答案往往在定位句，不會(huì)跑的太遠(yuǎn)，如果你選的答案發(fā)現(xiàn)離定位處有點(diǎn)距離，不好意思，你極有可能選擇了干擾項(xiàng)!
話(huà)不多說(shuō)，先上一道題目：
(C7T1R3Q27)
The book Educating Psyche is mainly concerned with
A. the power o f suggestion in learning.
B. a particular technique for learning based on emotions.
C. the effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious.
D. ways of learning which are not traditional.
文章出處(第一段)：
Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning. One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.
這道題目定位不難，存在斜體Educating Psyche，原文重現(xiàn)。
有多數(shù)的同學(xué)會(huì)選C，因?yàn)榕c原文好像哦：
C. the effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious.
原文：describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning.(有沒(méi)有想過(guò)答案果真如此一致，雅思是來(lái)考眼神兒的嗎?你讓那些帶著600度眼鏡的學(xué)霸們情何以堪?!)
同時(shí)有不少同學(xué)會(huì)選A, 原文有表達(dá)同樣的意思喲：
A. the power o f suggestion in learning.
原文：One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.
嗯...... 同學(xué)們錯(cuò)的有理有據(jù)，正確答案選D!
來(lái)來(lái)來(lái)，分析一下：
首先題目的題干是：這本書(shū)Educating Psyche主要是關(guān)于什么的。
細(xì)節(jié)or主旨?
試問(wèn)一本書(shū)的的主要內(nèi)容會(huì)因?yàn)橐黄恼碌囊枚淖儐?
若是，試問(wèn)如此一本立場(chǎng)不堅(jiān)定的書(shū)是如何混到雅思界的?!
所以這道題目與主旨無(wú)關(guān)，是考查細(xì)節(jié)的。按這樣的邏輯，答案就在定位詞附近。我們先來(lái)看看定位詞所在的這句話(huà)：
Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning.
看到這里，有同學(xué)就跳出來(lái)說(shuō)，對(duì)呀，就是C呀!
但是同學(xué)們，沒(méi)有看見(jiàn)嗎，C是考官做過(guò)手腳的，特點(diǎn)是咋看與文章大程度一致，細(xì)看細(xì)節(jié)處有出入，這就是考官慣用的伎倆!
這句話(huà)還有一部分：
Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning，
這里的looks at 和 is concerned with同義替換;radical可能不認(rèn)識(shí)，但new 大家都認(rèn)識(shí)吧，"新的"和"not traditional(非傳統(tǒng)的)"對(duì)應(yīng);同時(shí)ways of learning和approaches to learning完美改寫(xiě)，所以答案選D。
至于A嘛，根本就是答非所問(wèn)，與問(wèn)題無(wú)關(guān)。
發(fā)現(xiàn)了嗎，答案就在定位詞Educating Psyche后面，我們卻總匆匆錯(cuò)過(guò)，還在遙遠(yuǎn)的地方滿(mǎn)世界找答案!
我們可以再來(lái)看一道題目：
(C10T2R3Q35)
The writer says that unlike other forms of art, a painting does not
A. involve direct contact with an audience.
B. require a special location for a performance.
C. need the involvement of other professionals.
D. have a special beginning or end.
首先，看一看題目是細(xì)節(jié)還是主旨。雖然題目開(kāi)始就說(shuō)"The writer says that......" ，但并不一定意味著這是一道主旨題(要知道整篇文章都是作者說(shuō)的)。
判斷主旨與細(xì)節(jié)，最關(guān)鍵的是看連接題干與選項(xiàng)的動(dòng)作或連詞是與具體對(duì)象還是作者直接有關(guān)!
這里的 does not 顯然是 painting 發(fā)出的動(dòng)作，所以回到原文只要定位出"unlike other forms of art，a painting怎樣怎樣的"，答案就呼之欲出了!
原文：
This is particularly distressing because time seems to be a vital factor in the appreciation of all art forms. A fundamental difference between paintings and other art forms is that there is no prescribed time over which a painting is viewed. By contrast, the audience encourage an opera or a play over a specific time, which is the duration of the performance. Similarly novels and poems are read in a prescribed temporal sequence, whereas a picture has no clear place at which to start viewing, or at which to finish. Thus art works themselves encourage us to view them superficially, without appreciating the richness of detail and labour that is involved.
原文可定位到兩處出處：
1、A fundamental difference between paintings and other art forms is that there is no prescribed time over which a painting is viewed.
2、Similarly novels and poems are read in a prescribed temporal sequence, whereas a picture has no clear place at which to start viewing, or at which to finish.
第1處，可見(jiàn)是與時(shí)間有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)只有D與時(shí)間有關(guān);第2處，直接與D同義替換，相當(dāng)明顯!兩處均可做出該題目。
至于這個(gè)段落其他地方說(shuō)的啥，我們才不管呢，想干擾我們，誘惑我們，沒(méi)門(mén)!
那么區(qū)分開(kāi)考查細(xì)節(jié)與主旨題目的意義何在呢?
首先，一個(gè)段落的細(xì)節(jié)與主旨不一定是沖突的，但對(duì)于考查細(xì)節(jié)的題目，所談?wù)摰募?xì)節(jié)或題目所提問(wèn)細(xì)節(jié)的角度，不一定與段落主旨方向一致或相關(guān)(不要忘了為了支持自己的觀點(diǎn)，作者也有可能舉反例)。
區(qū)分開(kāi)考查細(xì)節(jié)與主旨題目的意義在于降低錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的干擾。
我們之所容易被干擾項(xiàng)干擾，主要是因?yàn)樽x到了細(xì)節(jié)之外的內(nèi)容(往往是作者進(jìn)一步論證延伸的部分)，不知不覺(jué)被其說(shuō)服，以為就是答案。當(dāng)我們確認(rèn)了細(xì)節(jié)題目，就會(huì)有意識(shí)地不被無(wú)關(guān)信息干擾，著重理解定位詞所在的1～3句話(huà)，快狠準(zhǔn)地找到答案。
講了那么多，我們來(lái)練習(xí)一下吧!以下是劍5 Test1Reading passage 3的一道題目，看一看使用今天的技巧有沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單很多。歡迎大家留言區(qū)評(píng)論答案及文章對(duì)應(yīng)出處。
36. The writer suggests that newspapers print items that are intended to
A. educate readers.
B. meet their readers' expectations.
C. encourage feedback from readers.
D. mislead readers.
原文：
A third source of confusion is the attitude of the media. People are clearly more curious about bad news than good. Newspapers and broadcasters are there to provide what the public wants. That, however, can lead to significant distortions of perception. An example was America's encounter with El Ni?o in 1997 and 1998. This climatic phenomenon was accused of wrecking tourism, causing allergies, melting the ski-slopes and causing 22 deaths. However, according to an article in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, the damage it did was estimated at US $4 billion but the benefits amounted to some US $19 billion. These came from higher winter temperatures (which saved an estimated 850 lives, reduced heating costs and diminished spring floods caused by meltwaters).
