英語表達(dá)中“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”的七種用法
來源：環(huán)球教育整理
小編：環(huán)球教育整理 983我不是一個(gè)有故事的人，但是聽到這首歌也難免深思?！段以?，一個(gè)雅思口語繞不開的話題。眾所周知，在口語考試中考官會(huì)針對(duì)考生的一些個(gè)人經(jīng)歷發(fā)問。于此同時(shí)考官考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)之一就是考生口語表述中對(duì)于時(shí)態(tài)的準(zhǔn)確應(yīng)用。所以，今天咱們蹭《我曾》這個(gè)熱點(diǎn)，來和大家仔細(xì)說說“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”的用法。
通常情況下，在英語表達(dá)中使用“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”有如下七種情況：
Unspecified point in the past
I have been to Shanghai three times before. 這句話其實(shí)并沒有明確的時(shí)間狀語，故而時(shí)間狀語可以被認(rèn)為是從“說話者”出生到說話的當(dāng)下。如此一來，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)肯定是最佳的時(shí)態(tài)選擇了。
I went to Spain three times in 2008. 與上句話相比，這句的時(shí)間狀語非常具體，所以用一般過去時(shí)或者過去完成時(shí)更為貼切。
An action that occurred in the past, but has a result in the preset
We cannot find out our luggage. Have you seen it?
丟行李是之前就發(fā)生了的事情，這件事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在也有明顯的影響。所以用have you seen來提問，比較恰當(dāng)。
Talking about general experiences.
Have you ever been there before (in your life)? 與“一”中的情景類似?？瓷先]有明確的時(shí)間狀語，
那么就可以根據(jù)句意理解為：in your life。
Evens that recently occurred (just)
I’ve just eaten my lunch. 此句強(qiáng)調(diào)剛剛吃過。
Events that have occurred up to now (yet)
They have not arrived yet. And we must wait. 前一句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是他們直到現(xiàn)在還有到的狀態(tài)，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)比較準(zhǔn)確。
Events that occurred before you expected (already)
I’ve already graduated from college. Already在句子中通常被譯作：早已，早前，已經(jīng)。用來強(qiáng)調(diào)事情在預(yù)期之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生。
Events that began in the past and haven’t changed (for, since)
Mike has worked here for 3 years. Mike has worked here since three years ago.這個(gè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與后面的時(shí)間狀語相互配合，強(qiáng)調(diào)從那時(shí)起直到現(xiàn)在謂語動(dòng)詞一直處于某種狀態(tài)。
